2.26.26 - Lunar Battery Anchorage Certification.xlsx
February 26, 2026
TO: Lunar Energy
SUBJECT: Lunar Battery Anchorage - California Fully Wall Mounted System
SCOPE OF WORK:
AOstructures, Inc. was asked to provide the structural anchorage design for a Lunar LFP Battery System. The installation method consists of a Lunar Battery System that is fully hung from an existing wall. The wall may be either of the following below conditions:
● Wood framed wall consisting of typical 2x4 (minimum) studs @ 16" o.c.
$$ 0c1ast66\ c. $$
● Wood framed wall consisting of atypical 2x4 (minimum) stud spacing
● Concrete wall, 6" minimum thickness with f'c = 2,500 psi, min.
$$ 6^{\circ} $$
● CMU wall, fully grouted, normal weight CMU
The wall anchorage is designed to resist both the dead weight (downward load) of the equipment as well as the vertical and lateral seismic forces (vertical, horizontal and withdrawl).
ESS DESCRIPTION
The subject battery system consists of a modular design which includes (1) inverter and can include as few as (2) battery blocks (10kWh ESS) and as many as (6) battery blocks (30kWh ESS). Each of the modular elements are attached modularly to a wall mounting bracket provided by the manufacturer. The bottom wall mounting bracket is fastened to the wall using (4) fasteners with additional modular elements above clipped to the bracket below and fastened to the wall using (2) additional fasteners. For the 10kWh ESS, there are a total of (8) fasteners while the 30 kWh ESS utilizes (16) fasteners. See Mechanical properties of the modular battery system, below:
| Mechanical | 10kWh | 15kWh | 20kWh | 25kWh | 30kWh |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dimensions(LxWxD) | 34.8"x24.4"x13.5"(884x619x344mm) | 45.5"x24.4"x13.5"(1156x619x344mm) | 56.1"x24.4"x13.5"(1425x619x344mm) | 66.8"x24.4"x13.5"(1696x619x344mm) | 77.4"x24.4"x13.5"(1967x619x344mm) |
| Dimensions(LxWxD) | Inverter:12"x24.4"x13.5"(305x619x344mm)Top+BottomCover:3"x24.4"x13.5"(75x619x344mm) | ||||
| Inverter Mass | 42lb(19kg) | ||||
| Total Assembly Mass(包括 brackets& covers) | 305lb(139kg) | 421lb(191kg) | 540lb(245kg) | 659lb(299kg) | 778lb(354kg) |
| Mounting | Floor or wall mounted |
LIMITATIONS:
The scope of this report is strictly limited to the anchorage of the above specified wall mounting brackets to the existing wall framing only. No evaluation of the existing structure or any of the manufacturer provided elements (i.e. batteries/inverters/mounting brackets/clips/base/etc.) is included or implied in the scope of this report. The calculations that follow are designed with the following design criteria and are only applicable for sites with design criteria less than that specified below: 2.26.26 - Lunar Battery Anchorage Certification.xlsx 1
DESIGN CRITERIA:
● Applicable Codes = 2025 CBC, ASCE 7-22
● Risk Category II
● Seismic: Sds = 2g, Ip = 1, Rµ = 1.3, Car =1, Rpo = 1.5
EQUIPMENT SPECIFICATIONS:
● Equipment:
- (1) Lunar LFP Battery System (30kWh, max) - weighing no more than 778lb
● All equipment shall be installed per manufacturer specifications
CONCLUSIONS:
Anchorage to wood framed wall construction:
Each modular mounting bracket shall be attached to the existing framing using a minimum of (2) 1/4"Ø Lag Screw fasteners installed into (2) different existing 2x studs to suspend the equipment above grade. (4) fasteners shall be used for the bottom bracket. The fasteners shall be installed at manufacturer provided mounting holes and shall be installed within the middle 1/3 of the stud width with a minimum threaded embedment of 2.0'' into the existing wood stud framing in the wall (See Detail S1.0).
$$ 1/4^n \Phi $$
$$ 2.0^{n} $$
This proposed mounting method assumes that only one ESS is mounted per pair of studs. In some cases, the contractor may consider mounting multiple ESS's per pair of studs. Examples of such conditions are provided below. In all cases, it is recommended that the contractor contact a licensed engineer to evaluate the proposed existing stud wall to assess its suitability to support the weight of multiple ESS's.
● Walls < 10'-0 tall with 2x6 studs or larger
$$ W a|l s<10^{\circ}-0 $$
● Walls < 12'-0 tall with 2x8 studs or larger
● Bearing walls with minimal (i.e. < 8'-0") tributary area of loads.
$$ (.b{i.e.}<8^{n}-0^{n}) $$
● Walls that are sheathed with OSB or CDX plywood intended to resist lateral forces (shear walls)
In some conditions, such as irregular stud spacing or stud spacing that exceeds 16" o.c., the as-built stud spacing may not support the pre-drilled manufacturer mounting hole locations without a supplemental support. Details S2.0 and S2.1 are provided to propose an alternative mounting solution for such conditions and provide flexibility for the installation when preferred.
$$ 16^{n},.00.}\n$$
Anchorage to concrete or CMU wall construction:
Each modular mounting bracket shall be attached to the existing wall using a minimum of (2) 1/4 diameter Hilti Kwik HUS-EZ or Simpson Titen HD fasteners with a minimum embedment of 2'' into the supporting concrete (See Detail S1.1) or CMU (See Detail S1.2) wall. The fasteners shall be installed at all manufacturer provided mounting hole locations. If mounted in an exterior or otherwise corrosive environment, the fasteners shall be galvanized or stainless steel. The fasteners shall maintain a minimum 6" edge and/or end distance from concrete and/or CMU wall ends/edges. Fasteners installed in CMU walls shall maintain a 2.5" separation from grout head joints.
$$ 6^{\circ} $$
Please contact me with any further questions or concerns regarding this project.
Sincerely,
NOTES: [#]
FOR EXTERIOR ENVIRONMENTS, USE STAINLESS STEEL FASTENERS & GALVANIZED STRUT
SEE MANUFACTURER INSTALLATION INSTRUCTIONS
WATERPROOFING BY CONTRACTOR
| AO structures | PROJECT: LUNAR LFP BATTERY ANCHORAGE | SHEET TITLE: WOOD STUD WALL MOUNTING DETAIL | DATE:
2/11/26 | | --- | --- | --- | --- | | AO structures | | | SHEET NUMBER: S1.0 |
NOTES: [#]
FOR EXTERIOR ENVIRONMENTS, USE STAINLESS STEEL FASTENERS & GALVANIZED STRUT
SEE MANUFACTURER INSTALLATION INSTRUCTIONS
WATERPROOFING BY CONTRACTOR
| AO structures | PROJECT: LUNAR LFP BATTERY ANCHORAGE | SHEET TITLE: CONCRETE WALL MOUNTING DETAIL | DATE:
2/11/26 | | --- | --- | --- | --- | | AO structures | | | SHEET NUMBER: S1.1 |
NOTES: [#]
FOR EXTERIOR ENVIRONMENTS, USE STAINLESS STEEL FASTENERS & GALVANIZED STRUT
SEE MANUFACTURER INSTALLATION INSTRUCTIONS
WATERPROOFING BY CONTRACTOR
| AO structures | PROJECT: LUNAR LFP BATTERY ANCHORAGE | SHEET TITLE: CMU WALL MOUNTING DETAIL | DATE:
2/11/26 | | --- | --- | --- | --- | | AO structures | | | SHEET NUMBER: S1.2 |
| Input Variables | ||
|---|---|---|
| Per ASCE 7-22, Chapter 13 | ||
| Fp-Wall Mounted Equipment | ||
| Equipment Label | 1 | |
| Equipment Name | Lunar LFP Battery-10kWh | |
| Sds= | 2.00g | (Section11.4.5) |
| Importance Factor(lp)= | 1.00 | (Section13.1.3) |
| z/h= | 0.50 | |
| Hf= | 2.25 | (13.3.1.1) |
| Rμ= | 1.30 | (13.3.1.2) |
| Car= | 1.0 | (Table13.6-1) |
| Rpo= | 1.5 | (Table13.6-1) |
| Equipment Weight(Wp)= | 305Jb |
Seismic Design Force
$$ \begin{array}{r l r}{\mathsf{F p}=}\end{array} $$
(13.3-1)
$$
=,282,1
$$
Governs
$$ {\sf{F P}}\ (\sf{m a x})= $$
(13.3-2)
$$ \begin{array}{l} F p (\min ) = 0. 3 * S d s * I p * W p \ = 1 8 3 \mathrm {I b} \ \end{array} $$
(13.3-3)
| Fp = | 282 lb | (ultimate) | | --- | --- |
Seismic Forces Required for Anchorage to Concrete/Masonry
| $\Omega$o = | 2.0 | (Used for anchorage to concrete) | | --- | --- | | $\Omega$o Fp = | 0,563 lb | (ultimate) |
| Seismic Design Force(Vertical Load) | ||
|---|---|---|
| Fp(vert)= | 0.2SdsWp | |
| =122lb | ||
| Fp(vert)= | 122lb | (ultimate) |
$$ \begin{array}{r l}{\mathsf{F p},(\mathsf{v e r t})=}&{{},0.2^{\star},\mathsf{S d s\ }{}^{\star},\mathsf{W p}}\ {}&{{}=,122,10} $$
Note: Use 244 lb for anchorage forces at concrete/masonry
Fastener (to Wood Framed Wall) Capacity Check - Shear and Withdrawl - Lunar LFP Battery - 10kWh
| Demand Loads | ||
|---|---|---|
| Equipment Weight= | 305 lb | (Per manufacturer) |
| Vertical Seismic Force Demand= | 122 lb | (See Fp Calcs) |
| Lateral Shear Demand= | 282 lb | (See Fp Calcs) |
| 1.0D+0.7Ev+0.7Eh= | 391lb vertical | 198lb horizontal |
| 0.6D-0.7Ev+0.7Eh= | 98lb vertical | 198lb horizontal |
| Fastener Selection | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Fastener= | 1/4"Ø Lag Screw | ||
| Number of Fasteners= | 8 | ||
| Stud Width= | 1.500 in | in | |
| Required Edge Distance= | 0.625 in | in | (2.5*d as per NDS) |
| 2x Edge Distance+Fastener Diameter= | 1.500 in | in | ≤stud width,OK! |
Fastener Withdrawl Capacity Check (Seismic force away from the wall)
| Fastener Withdrawl Capacity Check(Seismic force away from the wall) | ||
|---|---|---|
| Withdrawl Shear Force= | 198 lb | (ASD) |
| Embedment Depth= | 2.0 in | |
| Pullout Capacity Per Inch= | 173 lb | (G=0.42-per NDS) |
| Group Fastener Withdrawl Capacity= | 2768 lb | |
| w/Cd of 1.6= | 4429 lb | |
| 4429 lb capacity>198lb demand | Therefore,OK | 4.5% stress |
| Fastener Shear Capacity Check(Left Right Force) | ||
|---|---|---|
| Lateral Shear Demand= | 198 lb | |
| Individual Fastener Shear Capacity= | 120 lb | (Z1per NDS w/12 gage mounting bracket) |
| Group Fastener Shear Capacity= | 960 lb | |
| Group Shear Capacityw/Cd=1.6= | 1536 lb | |
| 1536lb capacity>198lb demand | Therefore,OK | 12.9% stress |
| Fastener Shear Capacity Check(Up Down Force) | ||
|---|---|---|
| Vertical Shear Demand= | 391lb | (1.0D+0.7Ev) |
| Individual Fastener Shear Capacity= | 160lb | (Z |
| Group Fastener Shear Capacity= | 1280lb | |
| Group Shear Capacity w/Cd=1.6= | 2048lb | |
| 2048lb capacity>391lb demand | Therefore,OK | 19.1% stress |
| Check Combined Loading | |
|---|---|
| Withdrawl Stress = | 5% |
| Max Shear Stress = | 19% |
| Combined Stress = | 20% |
Results: (8) 1/4"Ø Lag Screw(s) have a combined stress ratio of 20%, OK!
| Input Variables | ||
|---|---|---|
| Per ASCE 7-22, Chapter 13 | ||
| Fp - Wall Mounted Equipment | ||
| Equipment Label | 1 | |
| Equipment Name | Lunar LFP Battery - 30kWh | |
| Sds= | 2.00g | (Section 11.4.5) |
| Importance Factor(lp)= | 1.00 | (Section 13.1.3) |
| z/h= | 0.50 | |
| Hf= | 2.25 | (13.3.1.1) |
| Rμ= | 1.30 | (13.3.1.2) |
| Car= | 1.0 | (Table 13.6-1) |
| Rpo= | 1.5 | (Table 13.6-1) |
| Equipment Weight(Wp)= | 778Jb |
Seismic Design Force
$$ \begin{array}{r l r}{\mathsf{F}!{\sf P}=}&{{}} $$
(13.3-1)
$$ =718,15 $$
Governs
$$ {\sf{F P}}\ (\sf{m a x})= $$
(13.3-2)
$$ {\sf F p},!{(\sf{m i n})=\qquad\qquad\qquad\qquad\qquad\qquad\qquad\qquad\qquad\qquad\qquad\qquad\qquad\qquad $$
(13.3-3)
| Fp = | 718 lb | (ultimate) |
|---|
Seismic Forces Required for Anchorage to Concrete/Masonry
| $\Omega$o = | 2.0 | (Used for anchorage to concrete) | | --- | --- | | $\Omega$o Fp= | 1,436 lb | (ultimate) |
| Seismic Design Force(Vertical Load) | ||
|---|---|---|
| Fp(vert)= | 0.2SdsWp | |
| =311lb | ||
| Fp(vert)= | 311lb | (ultimate) |
$$ \begin{array}{r l}{\mathsf{F p},(\mathsf{v e r t})=}&{{}\quad0.2^{\star},\mathsf{S d s\ }{}^{\star},\mathsf{W p}}\ {}&{{}=,311,110} $$
Note: Use 623 lb for anchorage forces at concrete/masonry
Fastener (to Wood Framed Wall) Capacity Check - Shear and Withdrawl - Lunar LFP Battery - 30kWh
| Demand Loads | ||
|---|---|---|
| Equipment Weight= | 778 lb | (Per manufacturer) |
| Vertical Seismic Force Demand= | 311 lb | (See Fp Calcs) |
| Lateral Shear Demand= | 718 lb | (See Fp Calcs) |
| 1.0D+0.7Ev+0.7Eh= | 996lb vertical | 503lb horizontal |
| 0.6D-0.7Ev+0.7Eh= | 249lb vertical | 503lb horizontal |
| Fastener Selection | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Fastener = | 1/4"Ø Lag Screw | ||
| Number of Fasteners = | 16 | ||
| Stud Width = | 1.500 in | in | |
| Required Edge Distance = | 0.625 in | in | (2.5*d as per NDS) |
| 2x Edge Distance + Fastener Diameter = | 1.500 in | in | ≤ stud width, OK! |
| Fastener Withdrawl Capacity Check(Seismic force away from the wall) | ||
|---|---|---|
| Withdrawl Shear Force= | 503 lb | (ASD) |
| Embedment Depth= | 2.0 in | |
| Pullout Capacity Per Inch= | 173 lb | (G=0.42-per NDS) |
| Group Fastener Withdrawl Capacity= | 5536 lb | |
| w/Cd of 1.6= | 8858 lb | |
| 8858 lb capacity>503lb demand | Therefore, OK | 5.7% stress |
| Fastener Shear Capacity Check(Left Right Force) | ||
|---|---|---|
| Lateral Shear Demand= | 503 lb | |
| Individual Fastener Shear Capacity= | 120 lb | (Z1per NDS w/12 gage mounting bracket) |
| Group Fastener Shear Capacity= | 1920 lb | |
| Group Shear Capacityw/Cd=1.6= | 3072 lb | |
| 3072lb capacity>503lb demand | Therefore, OK | 16.4% stress |
| Fastener Shear Capacity Check(Up Down Force) | ||
|---|---|---|
| Vertical Shear Demand= | 996 lb | (1.0D+0.7Ev) |
| Individual Fastener Shear Capacity= | 160 lb | (Z |
| Group Fastener Shear Capacity= | 2560 lb | |
| Group Shear Capacityw/Cd=1.6= | 4096 lb | |
| 4096 lb capacity>996 lb demand | Therefore, OK | 24.4% stress |
| Check Combined Loading | |
|---|---|
| Withdrawl Stress = | 6% |
| Max Shear Stress = | 24% |
| Combined Stress = | 26% |
Results: (16) 1/4"Ø Lag Screw(s) have a combined stress ratio of 26%, OK!
Hilti PROFIS Engineering 3.1.26
www.hilti.com www.hilti.com
| Company: | Page: | 1 | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Address: | Specifier: | ||
| Phone I Fax: | E-Mail: | ||
| Design: | Lunar ESS - Concrete Anchorage | Date: | 1/20/2026 |
| Fastening point: |
Specifier's comments:
1 Input data
| Anchor type and diameter: | KWIK HUS-EZ(KH-EZ)-SS316 1/4(15/8) |
|---|---|
| Item number: | 2245630 KH-EZ SS316 1/4"x2" |
| Specification text: | Hilti∅1/4in KWIK HUS-EZ(KH-EZ)-SS316 with 1.625 in nominal embedment depth per ICC-ES ESR-3027,Hammer drill bit installation per MPII |
| Effective embedment depth: | hef,act=1.190in,hnom=1.625in. |
| Material: | AISI316 |
| Evaluation Service Report: | ESR-3027 |
| Issued I Valid: | 12/1/2023 |
| Proof: | Design Method ACI318-19/Mech |
| Shear edge breakout verification: | Row closest to edge(Case3only fromACI318-19Fig.R.17.7.2.1b) |
| Stand-off installation: | eb=0.000in.(no stand-off);t=0.250in. |
| Anchor plate$ ^{R}$ : | lx x ly x t=77.400in.x24.400in.x0.250in.;(Recommended plate thickness:not calculated) |
| Profile: | no profile |
| Base material: | cracked concrete,2500,f c =2,500psi:h=6.000in. |
| Installation: | Hammer drilled hole,Installation condition:Dry |
| Reinforcement: | tension:not present,shear:not present;no supplemental splitting reinforcement present edge reinforcement:none or<No.4bar |
| Seismic loads(cat.C,D,E,orF) | Tension load:yes(17.10.5.3(d)) Shear load:yes(17.10.6.3(c)) |
R
- The anchor calculation is based on a rigid anchor plate assumption.
Geometry [in.] & Loading [lb, in.lb]